Amounts in excess of 130 mg per day have been shown to accumulate in liver and kidneys. Tin deficiency has not been described in man. This level is well below the level of 5-7 mg per kg body weight shown to give rise to toxic symptoms. ![]() The adult daily intake of tin was about 17 mg per day in 1940, but it has now decreased to about 3.5 mg, due to improvements in technique of tinning with enamel overcoat and crimped lids to minimize exposure to tin and lead solder. The WHO 1973 permissible limit for tin in tinned food is 250 micrograms per kg. Human volunteers developed mild signs of toxicity with tin, given in fruit juices, at a concentration of 1400 mg per litre. Long-term animal carcinogenic studies have shown fewer malignant tumours in animals exposed to tin than in controls. ![]() Mutagenic studies on metallic tin and its compounds have been negative. Some tin salts can cause renal necrosis after parenteral doses. ![]() Only about 5 per cent is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, widely distributed in the body, then excreted by the kidney. Inorganic tin salts are poorly absorbed and rapidly excreted in the faeces as a result they have a low toxicity.
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